Unit 22 SCT Assignment Results

Roopa A	Merit/P	Pass/Merit Descriptive and knowledge, but lesser understanding or application	Pass/Merit mainly descriptive but some ability to explain not sustained though - cover editing in one and the Format/Nar & Genre)
Calvin A	Pass	Pass	Pass/Merit mainly descriptive SOME EXPLANATION BUT NOT SUSTAINED, NOTHING ON PACE Etc
Kenny A	Merit/Pass	merit/pass some exam as to why, genres and format gives examples but is less detailed	Merit
Lawrence A	Merit	Merit	Merit/D
Nigel C	Pass	Pass Format & Narrative is an earlier H/W piece Merit No Genre or SCTvs Multi – but refers to genre in Short Film	Merit/Pass 2 films only, 1 has no editing, only 180 deg rule referred to as review once. Does not refer to format or narrative. Film 2 is more detailed
Jordan C	Pass	Pass	Pass/Merit Minimal editing and 2x NYAs
Ashley D	Merit	Merit	Merit Only 2 films covered out of 3 on the brief High Merit level analysis is here, but not complete as only 2 films, does not refer to Narrative techniques or Format and Editing is only referred to once:
Ugonna E	Merit	Merit/P No formats discussed earlier H/W	Merit/P no editing so far and no narrative or format pass/m descriptive of techniques rather than full explanation m/p at best
Deniesha F	Pass	Merit/D	Merit X 2, 1 x NYA – little or absence of reference to editing or terms. Otherwise complete & includes detailed analysis
Eunice G	Merit/P SCT Portfolio Pass/Merit	Merit/P	Merit 1x NYA, 2xP/M, 3xM/P. Some reference to editing, but only once or twice and uses 'switches' is not editing terminology. Some corrections not addressed.
Luke G	Merit/P	NYA No Narrative No Formats Only Genres Pass/M	Pass/M Borderline, 1xNYA, 2xP, 3xP/M. Only 2 references to editing across the 3. Limited references to sound and incorrect terminology ‘switches’
Dejhanea G	Merit/D	Merit/D	Merit/D A confident and sustained analysis across all technical areas to discuss meaning using terminology. Editing covers pace, continuity, transitions combined across all 3
Tommy G	Pass	Merit/D	Merit/D thorough, less strong on edit some pace and continuity referred to, overall tho merit
Kiera G	Merit	Merit/Pass Narrative is Pass Format M	Merit/D Complete but editing is less confident, references continuity and transitions.
Rosie H	Merit	WT Merit on narrative Merit for genres Pass Format	Merit/D MERIT/D on 1 short film 2 were WT Merit
Tamaira L	Merit/D	Merit/D for SCT MC genres Merit for format Merit/D for Narrative applied to own work	Merit/D overall some on editing and specific in porcelain but weaker and some confusion around closed endings etc
Micheal O	Merit/D	Merit Narrative needs more (P)	Merit - little editing discussed at times confused adrenaline and mixed quality in reports
Tim O	Pass	Merit/P Genre is limited Pass	Merit/Pass no editing referred to except in 1, inconsistent analysis with description hence pass
Ese O	Distinction/Merit	Distinction	Merit/D Needs more on editing, format and narrative
Maya S	Merit	Merit/P	Merit/P no editing
Shanee S	Merit	Merit Genres Pass/M Format & Narr M/D	Merit/D editing discussed pace in 2/3 films and editing shot decisions for emotion
Dan S	Merit	Merit/D Need to identify genres	Merit/D More on editing but all 3 complete
Dan T	Pass	NYA Format M/P Genres P No Narrative	Pass
James W	Merit/D	Merit/D	Merit/D some pace of editing and analysis here - no narrative or format yet? Not much in 2nd film he chose

Level 2 Examples Video Guides Early Cinema 3 Pioneers

L2 Student Exemplar: Geography and timeline of editing Early - Modern - Contemporary
To consider for context (D)

Exemplar of Video Guides: (Documentary)

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B15FWaY5r7MNM3oySmtIQWd2N28/view?usp=sharing

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B15FWaY5r7MNc01qNFlzX1ZPQ0U/view?usp=sharing

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B15FWaY5r7MNRlc5ZHFYR1FxQUk/view?usp=sharing

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B15FWaY5r7MNMDlqT3ZQTnBmMEk/view?usp=sharing

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B15FWaY5r7MNRUhTSGhqQmcxbjA/view?usp=sharing

Homework Wk 8 (due 11th November) This is being assessed FM2

Task: Produce an annotated Timeline of the developments in Editing - Stage 1: Early Cinema - Development of Continuity vs Montage

Using either:

• Prezi
• Timeglider

Include you explanation of:

• Development of Technologies
• Pioneer Editors and their films (Lumieres, Melies, Porter, Eisenstein/Kuleshov, Griffiths)
• Techniques used
• Embed clips from their films
• Compare and explain examples of Continuity Editing (Griffiths) & Soviet Montage Editing (Eisenstein)
• Embed examples of Continuity & Montage in contemporary Films
• Explain the CONTEXT of what led to the development of these different Principles (Continuity and Montage) of editing - think about the Russian Revolution etc...

Resources: 

Technologies

Continuity vs Montage
Griffiths - US Continuity - Emotional Impact & Storytelling in Time and Space
Eisenstein - Soviet Montage - Intellectual Meaning & Transcending Time and Space

http://www.tiki-toki.com/timeline/entry/362918/History-and-Development-of-Editing-Key-dates/

https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/history-of-editing--2



Conclusion
1. How has editing changed or not changed - can you see any influence on the techniques used in current cinema?
2. Why did Continuity become the dominant style of editing?



West vs East – Continuity vs Montage Editing

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q-8hOKNbtxg

Isn’t it wonderful how the mind works? No matter what pictures are put in front of our eyes our mind tries to make sense of it. It took a Russian called Kuleshev near the turn of the 20th century to bring it to the world’s attention and had a profound effect on film art and particularly early Russian cinema.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_gGl3LJ7vHc 

Kuleshev found out that if you linked several unrelated shots to the same facial gesture then different interpretations of the meaning of that gesture could be reached. The mind tries to make sense of the gesture in the context of the what it sees around the gesture. Perhaps, an example will clarify. If we see a person crying but we see a coffin beforehand then our mind will surmise that the tears are expressing sadness at a person dying. However, if we see the same crying gesture juxtaposed with a shot of a mother smiling with a new born baby then the mind is likely to interpret the crying as tears of joy. I hope that explains it better. As editing is the process of putting bits of film together in a particular sequence to convey meaning, this discovery lead to development of two strands of editing – Continuity and Montage editing.

Continuity editing is by far the most prevalent form of editing and is seen as being in the Western story telling tradition. Its whole purpose is to knit together scenes seamlessly in a chronological order in order to provide a continuity of narrative. There is a grammar within this for pauses, new chapters, action etc. Most Hollywood movies use continuity editing although some have montage type sequences within the film.

Montage editing was developed in the early Russian cinema and is based on discontinuity and has affected a lot of European cinema. Art House cinema thrives on it. It is more expressive and “arty” but is still used today. In many of the early Russian films you regularly see two very different short sequences of film followed by a third which leads you in the direction of the meaning. It makes you think (it’s designed to make you think) and is difficult to appreciate at first particularly for people brought up on the Hollywood style of continuity editing. The apparent clash of images brings about new meaning to the shots that follow. In the film Strike by Eisenstein, shots of a slaughterhouse which on the face of it seem out of context are used to depict the killing of strikers by soldiers. 

A couple of examples. In The Godfather a series of killings in different locations  are cut with scenes of the baptism of Michael Corleone’s child towards the end of the film. There is a sharp contrast betwen the pious religious context of the baptism and the business and culture of revenge. The continuity of the church service soundtrack over all the events gives the cue that the events are happening at the same time. 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yddysJb-Xmo 

Another example can be seen in Apocalypse Now (right) where the execution of the renegade Colnel Kurtz is cut with the slaughter of an ox by the tribesmen who follow him. Interesting that both examples feature in films by the same director, Francis Ford Coppolla. 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gv2sSLU8PJk

Even in the film Gladiator the early sequences where the muddy preparations for the battle in the forest and cut with and contrasted with Maximus’ hand serenely stroking the barley in a field.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-MYxtpGxGJI

Both types of editing can exist in the same movie and produce very satisfying results for the filmgoer.

Prep:
Read over the PPT and make notes on the TECHNIQUES and PURPOSE of editing

http://emisvideoproductionlog.blogspot.co.uk/2013/05/editing-techniques-history-and-purposes.html

There will be a quiz next week on the Techniques
You will be creating your own portfolio of editing techniques - so you need to know what they are